遥感卫星CCD相机量化位数的选择

遥感卫星CCD相机量化位数与信噪比等图像质量（Quality）参数有重要关系,CCD相机量化位数的选择能够影响其图像质量。文章简要介绍了国际遥感卫星量化位数的选择,从图像信噪比、图像熵这两方面分析了量化位数与图像质量的关系,详细地对量化位数与CCD相机模数转换器件信噪比以及系统信噪比的关系进行了研究,并仿真得到不同量化位数的图像。对仿真图像的主观判断以及客观参数的计算结果表明,图像质量随着量化位数增加而提高。     

提高DCPR接收系统信噪比和抗干扰能力的方案

文章介绍了风云二号卫星地面应用系统工程高速数据收集平台报告信号（ DCPR）接收系统在北京气象站系统预交付联试中表现的天线频繁跟踪以及经过接收变频后的90.9MHz中频信号信噪比测试结果较差问题排查过程和有效的解决方案。问题排查过程主要针对DCPR接收系统射频接收机多个关键检测点进行测试,从测试结果和系统链路组成分析问题原因,并制定了四个具有针对性解决方案,主要是：DCPR接收系统射频接收机自带5MHz锁相晶体振荡器、加强手机信号干扰抑制、降低变频前链路增益、增加变频后链路增益以满足系统使用要求。最终将以上解决方案应用到风云二号卫星地面应用系统工程高速数据收集平台报告信号（ DCPR）接收系统中,问题得到了很好解决。     

Laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling of high aspect ratio microgroove on WC-Co cemented carbide

Severe tool wear and poor surface quality are the main problems during micro machining of cemented carbide. In this work, an innovative hybrid process of laser-induced oxidation assisted micro milling (LOMM) was proposed to solve the problems. A nanosecond laser was utilized to induce oxidation of the WC-20%Co material, producing loose oxide which was easy to remove. The micro machinability of the material was improved by laser-induced oxidation. The oxidation mechanisms of cemented carbide were studied. A microgroove with a depth of 2.5 mm and aspect ratio of 5 was fabricated successfully. The milling force, surface quality and tool wear mechanisms were investigated. For comparison, a microgroove was also fabricated with conventional micro milling (COMM) using identical milling parameters. Results revealed that in LOMM the milling force and tool wear rate were extremely low during removing the oxide. The machined surface quality and dimensional accuracy achieved by LOMM were superior to those obtained by COMM. The surface roughness S_a of the microgroove bottom reached 88 nm in LOMM, while the cross-sectional geometry of the microgroove was a trapezoid. Perpendicularity of the microgroove sidewall machined by LOMM was better than that by COMM. The tool wear forms in LOMM were coating spalling and slight tool nose breakage. Compared with COMM, the tool life in LOMM was prolonged significantly. It indicates that the proposed hybrid process is an effective and efficient way to fabricate high aspect ratio micro-features with high dimensional accuracy.     

轮盘端面齿连接的周向拉杆转子刚度研究

针对轮盘端面齿连接的周向拉杆转子模型,理论分析得到转子各组成部分刚度计算方法.应用商业有限元软件ANSYS,基于三维有限元非线性接触算法计算预紧力下轮盘端面齿连接段的弯曲刚度和扭转刚度,得到刚度修正系数和刚度无量纲系数.分析周向拉杆刚度和轮盘刚度的关系,提出拉杆刚度比例系数.计算结果表明:刚度系数无量纲系数小于1时,刚度修正系数保持不变;刚度无量纲系数大于1时,此时预紧力不足,齿面发生滑移,刚度修正系数会突然降低,拉杆弯曲刚度比例系数会增加.刚度无量纲系数具有明确的物理意义,可为带端面齿的燃气轮机转子设计和故障诊断提供参考.      

Influence of fuel injection position and equivalent mixture ratio on chemical non-equilibrium effects of single expansion ramp nozzle

Chemical non-equilibrium flow was investigated for the scramjet single expansion ramp nozzle(SERN) with a strut-based liquid-kerosene-fueled combustor.Two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations were solved with the species conservation equation for continuous phase and the renormalization group(RNG) k-ε turbulence model.Lagrangian discrete-phase model was analyzed for liquid-kerosene droplets behavior in the supersonic stream.Combustion was simulated by kerosene surrogate fuel's 10-species and 13-step reduced reaction kinetics mechanism with use of Arrhenius's laminar finite rate model.Parametric studies were carried out to estimate the influence of different fuel injection positions and equivalent mixture ratios on the SERN chemical non-equilibrium effects.Numerical calculation results show that the strut-based combustor enables convenient modeling of various SERN entry conditions,which is similar with many preceding investigations,by changing the injector strut position and controlling the mass flow rate of each injector.Chemical non-equilibrium effects function in the whole SERN,especially in the initial flow expansion region,leads to obviously higher SERN performance of the non-equilibrium flow than that of the frozen flow.Furthermore,the distributed fuel injection pattern plays a significant role in enhancing the combustion efficiency in combustor,but weakening the chemical non-equilibrium effects funciton in SERN.Additionally,while the equivalent mixture ratio increases,the SERN thrust coefficient and lift coefficient rise gradually,and the increment of non-equilibrium flow in relation to frozen flow becomes higher as well.To be specific,the equivalent mixture ratio is 0.6,the maximum increment of thrust coefficient and lift coefficient are 11.6% and 25% respectively.      

带多孔板的APU进气系统气动性能实验

利用实验方法对一类带多孔板的辅助动力装置(APU)进气系统气动性能进行了研究.实验结果表明:两出口的总压恢复系数和总压畸变指数均随流量的增加不断降低.总压恢复系数在定总流量时略微下降,在定配比时几乎线性下降.总压畸变在周向上主要受多孔板无孔区影响,径向上主要受流道曲率影响.随开孔率增加,总压恢复系数不断增加.动力端不同开孔率下,总压畸变以径向畸变为主,负载端在小开孔率时以周向畸变为主,大开孔率时径向畸变成为主要因素.      

RP-3航空煤油着火特性的实验

在化学激波管中利用反射激波着火,采用壁面压力与OH自发光作为着火指示信号,测量了着火温度范围为1100~1600K,压力为0.1,0.2,0.3MPa,当量比为0.5,1.0,1.5时RP-3航空煤油/氧气/氩气混合气的着火延迟时间,分析了着火温度、压力以及当量比对混合气着火延迟时间的影响,并拟合得到了不同压力与当量比下混合气着火延迟时间的Arrhenius关系式.结果表明:在不同压力与当量比下,混合气的着火延迟时间的对数与着火温度的倒数呈线性关系,同时,随着着火温度与压力的升高以及混合气当量比的降低,着火延迟时间逐渐缩短.      

高速圆柱滚子轴承保持架动力学特性分析

建立了高速圆柱滚子轴承动力学微分方程,采用精细积分法和预估-校正Adams-Bashforth-Moulton多步法相结合的算法,对高速圆柱滚子轴承动力学微分方程进行求解,并对保持架的动力学特性进行了理论分析.结果表明:过大的保持架间隙比不利于保持架稳定运转;在一个套圈固定、另一个套圈工作状态下,保持架引导方式采用旋转套圈引导时,保持架打滑率较低;保持架采用外引导方式时保持架质心运动较为稳定;在内外圈同向旋转且外圈转速高于内圈转速条件下,保持架采用外引导方式时,保持架打滑率较低;在内外圈反向旋转且外圈转速高于内圈转速条件下,保持架质心轨迹变得不规则;保持架采用外引导方式时,保持架打滑率为负值.      

篦齿封严泄漏特性的实验

为了研究工程实际尺寸下篦齿封严泄漏特性,设计并搭建了篦齿封严实验台.在进出口压比为1.1~2.0的条件下,探究了节流间隙、齿数、齿腔深度和宽度等对篦齿封严泄漏量和密封腔内压力分布的影响.结果表明:泄漏系数随着压比和节流间隙的提高而增加,但压比达到1.6后,增加趋势逐渐变缓;增加齿数能显著提高篦齿的封严性能,但随着齿数变多,效果逐渐减弱;较浅和较宽的齿腔对于提高篦齿的封严性能更有利;进出口压比、节流间隙和齿腔深度对于篦齿腔内压力系数的分布几乎没有影响;篦齿腔内沿程压力不断降低,但在各齿腔内降低的程度逐渐减小;在篦齿封严中,越接近入口的齿腔对密封性能提高的贡献越大,对封严性能的优劣起着决定性作用.      

直升机/粒子分离器一体化流场特性: 第一部分 前进比的影响

针对典型布局条件下直升机/粒子分离器的一体化流动特性进行了仿真研究.利用相关试验数据对仿真方法的有效性进行了检验,将整体式粒子分离器安装至类“阿帕奇”直升机外型上,形成了一种典型直升机/粒子分离器布局方案,并分析了其在不同前进比下的一体化流场特性.结果表明:较高前进比下,在粒子分离器进口上游的齿轮箱外罩上出现了复杂的三维流动分离,使得粒子分离器在较不均匀的进口来流条件下工作.与独立粒子分离器状态相比,一体化条件下粒子分离器主流出口、扫气流出口的总压损失均有所加大,增幅分别为1%和8%.